Vitamin C is one of the most popular and well-known vitamins, and for good reason – this water-soluble nutrient provides a wide range of health benefits. Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a potent antioxidant that helps boost immune function, heal wounds, absorb iron, and maintain healthy skin, bones, and connective tissue. This essential vitamin also plays a role in making neurotransmitters that influence brain function and mood. Let’s explore the critical roles vitamin C plays in supporting good health.
Immune Support Vitamin C is arguably most famous for its immune-boosting properties. It supports the production and function of white blood cells, which help protect the body from infection and disease (1). Vitamin C also acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from damage caused by harmful free radicals. Some research suggests taking vitamin C regularly can help you recover from illness faster and may reduce complications of respiratory infections like pneumonia and lung infections (2).
The antioxidant properties of vitamin C also help block damage to cells caused by free radicals, which are unstable molecules linked to chronic disease (3). Getting enough vitamin C is critical for having robust immune defenses ready to fight infection and disease.
According to research, consuming 200mg per day of vitamin C reduced the duration of the common cold by 8-14% in adults. Higher intakes of around 1-2 grams per day at the onset of a cold can provide even greater benefits and faster relief from symptoms (4).
Wound Healing In addition to immune health, vitamin C aids the production of collagen – an important protein used to make skin, connective tissue, and blood vessels (3). Collagen also helps speed wound healing and recovery from injury. Studies show that consuming more vitamin C after surgeries or wounds can improve the healing time and strength of the repaired tissue (4).
Iron Absorption Vitamin C plays a central role in iron absorption by helping convert plant-based sources of iron into a more bioavailable form that the body can utilize (5). Foods high in vitamin C, like citrus fruits and peppers, can boost iron absorption from plant foods like spinach and beans when consumed together. This makes vitamin C valuable for preventing iron deficiency anemia.
Skin, Bone, and Joint Health The antioxidant properties of vitamin C help protect cells from damage that can lead to premature aging and disease. Getting enough vitamin C is linked to younger-looking skin over time. Vitamin C also maintains collagen and connective tissues for healthy bones and joints (6). People with low vitamin C levels have a higher risk of developing osteoarthritis and bone conditions like osteoporosis.
Neurotransmitter Production Exciting new research has shown that vitamin C is needed to make important neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine in the brain (8). These chemical messengers regulate mood, motivation, focus, and sleep-wake cycles.
Lower vitamin C levels are associated with depression, anxiety, and poor cognition in studies. Ensuring adequate intake through food sources and supplements appears to support mental health and optimal brain function.
Mental Health Emerging research highlights vitamin C’s role in making neurotransmitters that regulate brain function and mood, including serotonin. Consuming more vitamin C is associated with lower depression and anxiety levels in some population studies (7). While more research is needed, vitamin C’s impact on mental health shows promise.
Given the wide range of benefits, it’s clear vitamin C is far more than just an immune booster. Consuming vitamin C-rich foods like citrus fruits, tomatoes, broccoli, and bell peppers can help maintain optimal health and well-being. Supplementation may be recommended by your doctor if your dietary intake is low. Be proactive about your health and ensure adequate vitamin C intake through whole food sources or high-quality supplements when needed.
Sources:
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22414/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5707683/
- https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/vitamins/vitamin-C#function
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6204628/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK110285/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5183725/
- https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/vitamin-c-for-depression-and-anxiety-202201272676